The Pomeranian – known to English speakers as Pomeranian, and also called Loulou de Poméranie – fascinates with its miniature fox-like appearance, lively temperament, and… its astonishing global success: it ranks 22nd in the 2024 list of most registered breeds in the United States according to the American Kennel Club (AKC ).
Behind this popularity lies a royal history: Queen Victoria owned more than thirty-five and made a sensation by presenting her protégés at the very first Crufts in 1891.
Let’s discover everything this breed hides behind so much fur and how to take care of it!
Origins of the Pomeranian #
The Pomeranian is the direct descendant of the large spitz dogs of Pomerania (a former province of the Baltic Sea). In the 19th century, breeders – encouraged by the British aristocracy – miniaturized these sled dogs to create an elegant and alert companion. The breed has been officially recognized by the AKC since 1900, when its numbers exploded throughout the West.
Physical Characteristics of the Pomeranian #
Size and Weight of the Pomeranian #
The table below summarizes the standard for Pomeranians:
| Gender | Height (inches) | Weight (pounds) |
|---|---|---|
| Male | 7 – 9.5 | 4 – 6.6 |
| Female | 7 – 8.5 | 3.3 – 5.5 |
Coat Color of the Pomeranian #
The combination of a dense undercoat and a long outer coat creates the iconic “mane” around the neck. The double and abundant coat can come in more than 20 colors:
- Orange (the most common)
- Solid cream or black
- Sable, merle, brindle
- Parti-color (bicolor)
This last combination makes the Pomeranian one of the most “Instagrammable” dogs on the planet.
Specifics of the Pomeranian #
Its plumed tail carried over its back, its pointed muzzle, and its small erect triangular ears give it that perpetually attentive expression that melts hearts. A true “mascot dog” that stands out at first glance!
Behavior of the Pomeranian #
Lively, playful, and surprisingly confident, the Pomeranian often has no awareness of its small size. It excels as an alert dog: any novelty is signaled with a clear bark, which good training can channel.
Behavior with Children #
With children, the Pomeranian is affectionate and playful, provided it is taught not to be jostled; its small size makes it fragile against the rough gestures of toddlers.
Behavior with Other Animals #
Introduced gradually, it coexists easily with cats or larger dogs, although its territorial instinct may emerge during initial encounters.
Health of the Pomeranian #
Life Expectancy #
Its average lifespan ranges between 12 and 16 years according to Dogster, a remarkable score linked to its compact morphology and the attention breeders pay to selecting breeding stock.
Common Diseases in Pomeranians #
The small size and exceptional fur density of the Pomeranian also come with quite common problems.
| Disease | Description | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Patellar Luxation | Unstable kneecap, intermittent limping | High |
| Early Dental Diseases | Tartar and tooth loss if brushing is insufficient | High |
| Tracheal Collapse | “Goose” cough after exertion | Medium |
| Juvenile Hypoglycemia | Low sugar, weakness in puppies | Medium |
| “Black Skin” Alopecia | Symmetrical hair loss, darkened skin | Medium |
Regular veterinary check-ups and strict weight control significantly reduce these risks.
Training the Pomeranian #
✔️ Positive Training Methods #
Because it learns quickly and loves to please, the Pomeranian responds wonderfully to positive reinforcement: small treats, clicker, cheerful voice. Short sessions (5 to 10 minutes) maintain its focus.
✔️ Importance of Early Socialization #
From eight weeks, multiply experiences: urban noises, cars, strangers, other dogs. This gradual exposure reduces the likelihood of excessive barking in adulthood.
✔️ House Training #
A systematic outing upon waking, after meals and play, coupled with a small resting crate at night, usually suffices to make the puppy clean in a few weeks.
✔️ Teaching Basic Commands #
Commands like “Sit,” “Stay,” and “Heel” ensure the safety of a sometimes daring dog; integrating these exercises into games strengthens the bond.
❌ Managing Undesirable Behaviors #
If excessive barking occurs, interrupt the action, offer a toy, or engage it mentally; frontal inaction (yelling) only amplifies the problem.
Training Exercise Examples #
- Treat search in a sniffing mat
- Mini-agility indoors (tunnels, small 4-inch jumps)
- Fun tricks (“spin,” “give paw”) to stimulate its intellect.
Character and Lifestyle of the Pomeranian #
Physical Activity and Exercise #
A thirty-minute walk complemented by two play sessions is usually enough: the key is to nourish its curious mind as much as its muscles.
Indoor Character #
The Pomeranian loves to follow its human and observe the world from a high perch. It is therefore very satisfied with an apartment, provided its rest times are respected.
Character with Family and Other Animals #
Loyal, sometimes clingy, it forms a strong bond with its family. Careful socialization from a young age ensures peaceful relationships with other household animals.
Living Environment #
House with garden or Parisian studio: it doesn’t matter as long as it benefits from daily interactions, varied activities, and a comfortable bed near its humans.
Grooming and Hygiene of the Pomeranian #
A dog with a well-furnished coat also means very regular grooming!
Brushing and Coat Care #
The double coat requires two to three brushings per week, intensified during shedding to avoid tangles and aerate the undercoat. Don’t hesitate to use an undercoat rake and a soft slicker brush to complete the grooming.
A bath every two or three months is sufficient: excess shampoo would weaken the skin.
Ear Hygiene #
Gentle cleaning is necessary once a week, allowing you to monitor for redness.
Dental Hygiene #
For teeth, regular brushing limits tartar, a scourge of small breeds. Aim for about 3 brushings per week!
Feeding the Pomeranian #
A small-sized kibble, rich in protein (> 28%) and moderate in fat, meets its needs. For quantity, count 60 to 80 g per day divided into two meals.
In parallel, be strict about treat control: 200 g too much is barely noticeable under the fur! Yet, it’s essential to preserve its joints.
Adoption and Cost of the Pomeranian #
Adoption Price #
In a shelter, adoption costs around 250 to 350 € (identification, vaccines, and sterilization included).
From a registered French breeder, a LOF puppy is usually negotiated between 1,800 and 2,200 €, with some show lineages going even higher.
Annual Cost of the Pomeranian #
Beyond its adoption price, consider the annual expenses:
- For food, count 200 to 350 €
- Preventive veterinary care amounts to 150 to 300 € per year
- If you opt for health insurance, the cost can rise up to 400 €
- And if you spoil your dog with accessories, you can add about 100 € per year.
Ultimately, an estimated annual budget ranges between 500 and 1,200 €. A semi-annual visit to the groomer (50 €) can be added depending on the coat’s density.
The Pomeranian embodies the perfect paradox: a mini-dog with a big personality that offers its adopters years of joy and companionship, provided its thirst for attention, silky grooming, and gentle training are respected. A pocket companion that will undoubtedly continue to reign in our hearts… and on social media!