Dogs, just like humans, can suffer from various diseases throughout their lives. Knowing the most common diseases in dogs and understanding which breeds are more likely to be affected can help better prevent and detect health issues. So to help you navigate and prepare, here is a comprehensive guide on canine diseases!
Heart Diseases in Dogs #
Heart diseases are common in certain breeds of dogs, particularly those of large size or specific breeds. They can lead to subtle symptoms, often attributed to age or fatigue, but which deserve the full attention of owners to avoid serious complications.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy #
Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the heart muscle, making it difficult for the heart to pump blood effectively. It is often silent at first but can cause fatigue, shortness of breath, and even coughing.
Symptoms:
- Excessive fatigue
- Shortness of breath
- Persistent cough
- Abdominal swelling
When to Consult?
If your dog shows signs of extreme fatigue or shortness of breath, it is recommended to consult a veterinarian quickly for a cardiac examination.
At-Risk Breeds: Doberman, Boxer, Cocker Spaniel, Irish Wolfhound.
Mitral Valve Disease #
This disease concerns the mitral valve, which can become defective and lead to blood leaks in the heart. It is particularly common in certain small dog breeds, causing fatigue, shortness of breath, and coughing.
Symptoms:
- Fatigue
- Rapid breathing
- Coughing after exertion or during rest
- Unexplained weight loss
When to Consult?
A dog that coughs often for no apparent reason, especially at rest, should be examined by a veterinarian.
At-Risk Breeds: Cavalier King Charles, Poodle, Chihuahua, Shih Tzu.
Respiratory Diseases in Dogs #
Brachycephalic Syndrome #
Dogs with short muzzles, known as brachycephalic dogs, are often prone to breathing difficulties. Brachycephalic syndrome includes respiratory obstructions, making breathing difficult, especially in hot weather.
Symptoms:
- Snoring and respiratory noises
- Rapid fatigue during exercise
- Breathing difficulties in heat
- Shortness of breath
When to Consult?
If your dog shows frequent breathing difficulties or abnormal noises while breathing, a consultation is advised.
At-Risk Breeds: Bulldog, Pug, Shih Tzu, Boxer.
Tracheal Collapse #
Tracheal collapse is a weakening of the trachea that makes breathing difficult and causes a cough resembling a “honking” sound. It can be aggravated by excitement or physical exertion.
Symptoms:
- “Honking” cough (similar to a honking sound)
- Difficulty breathing, especially during excitement
- Wheezing
When to Consult?
A persistent or wheezing cough in a dog, even without activity, requires a consultation.
At-Risk Breeds: Yorkshire Terrier, Chihuahua, Pomeranian, Dachshund.
Minitailz: Act Early at the First Symptoms! #
What if you could anticipate certain heart or respiratory diseases? It’s possible, thanks to the Minitailz from Invoxia and its AI-powered technology.
Monitor your dog’s heart and breathing rates daily and receive daily reports on their health status. And as a bonus: Minitailz can detect Afib, a common arrhythmia in dogs and sometimes a symptom of a disease.
Skin Diseases in Dogs #
Atopic Dermatitis #
Atopic dermatitis is a skin allergy, often related to food or environmental allergies. It causes itching and redness, especially on the paws, belly, and ears.
Symptoms:
- Intense itching (frequent scratching)
- Redness on paws, belly, and ears
- Hair loss
- Skin lesions from scratching
When to Consult?
In case of persistent itching and redness, it is recommended to consult a veterinarian to prevent worsening.
At-Risk Breeds: Labrador Retriever, Shar-Pei, Bulldog, West Highland White Terrier.
Pyoderma #
Pyoderma is a bacterial skin infection that can occur due to injuries or irritations. It leads to lesions, scabs, and discomfort for the dog.
Symptoms:
- Red skin lesions or scabs
- Itching
- Pus in affected areas
- Foul odor from the skin
When to Consult?
In case of visible skin infections and itching, a consultation is necessary to prevent any spread.
At-Risk Breeds: Golden Retriever, Boxer, Beagle, Dachshund.
Orthopedic Diseases in Dogs #
Hip Dysplasia #
Hip dysplasia is a malformation of the hip joint, common in large breeds. It leads to limping, pain, and can progress to arthritis.
Symptoms:
- Limping, especially after exercise
- Difficulty getting up or climbing stairs
- Sensitivity or pain in the hips
- Loss of mobility
When to Consult?
If you observe limping or signs of pain, consult a veterinarian quickly for a diagnosis.
At-Risk Breeds: German Shepherd, Rottweiler, Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever.
Elbow Dysplasia #
This disease affects the elbow joint and causes pain and limping.
Symptoms:
- Limping, especially after exertion
- Pain upon palpation of the elbow
- Reduced mobility of the front leg
When to Consult?
In case of persistent limping, especially in a large dog, a veterinary examination is advised.
At-Risk Breeds: Golden Retriever, Bernese Mountain Dog, German Shepherd, Saint Bernard.
Eye Diseases in Dogs #
Eye diseases can have significant repercussions on your dog’s quality of life. Some diseases are hereditary and can be detected in the early years. Maintaining eye hygiene and consulting in case of visual disturbances are essential steps to preserve your companion’s vision.
Cataract #
Cataract is a clouding of the lens that can lead to vision loss. It is often age-related but can also be hereditary in certain breeds.
Symptoms:
- Visible opacity of the eye (whitish appearance)
- Decreased vision
- Hesitation to move in familiar places
When to Consult?
If your dog’s eyes appear abnormal or if they have difficulty seeing, consult to avoid complications.
At-Risk Breeds: Poodle, Cocker Spaniel, Boston Terrier, Australian Shepherd.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) #
PRA is a genetic disease that causes progressive degeneration of the retina, leading to blindness. There is no treatment, but regular veterinary follow-up can help delay progression.
Symptoms:
- Progressive vision loss, especially at night
- Clumsiness in movements
- Fear of moving in dark areas
When to Consult?
Any decrease in vision or clumsiness in familiar environments requires a consultation to confirm a diagnosis.
At-Risk Breeds: Schnauzer, Irish Setter, Beagle, Border Collie.
Taking care of your dog’s health involves being attentive to the signs of common diseases, especially if your pet belongs to a predisposed breed. Knowing the symptoms and acting quickly can make all the difference, as early diagnosis often allows for more effective management.
Beyond regular visits to the veterinarian, ensuring a balanced diet, appropriate exercise, and a clean and safe environment are concrete ways to improve your companion’s quality of life. Some devices, like Minitailz, can also help you detect the early signs of certain diseases.